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✍️ Editing: main.py

            File: /lib64/python3.12/turtledemo/__main__.py

            Size: 15.01 KB | 
            Last Modified: 2026-03-03 19:39:30        

#! /usr/bin/python3.12

"""
  ----------------------------------------------
      turtleDemo - Help
  ----------------------------------------------

This document has two sections:

(1) How to use the demo viewer
  (2) How to add your own demos to the demo repository

(1) How to use the demo viewer.

Select a demoscript from the example menu.
  The (syntax colored) source code appears in the left
  source code window. IT CANNOT BE EDITED, but ONLY VIEWED!

The demo viewer windows can be resized. The divider between text
  and canvas can be moved by grabbing it with the mouse. The text font
  size can be changed from the menu and with Control/Command '-'/'+'.
  It can also be changed on most systems with Control-mousewheel
  when the mouse is over the text.

Press START button to start the demo.
  Stop execution by pressing the STOP button.
  Clear screen by pressing the CLEAR button.
  Restart by pressing the START button again.

SPECIAL demos, such as clock.py are those which run EVENTDRIVEN.

Press START button to start the demo.

- Until the EVENTLOOP is entered everything works
      as in an ordinary demo script.

- When the EVENTLOOP is entered, you control the
      application by using the mouse and/or keys (or it's
      controlled by some timer events)
      To stop it you can and must press the STOP button.

While the EVENTLOOP is running, the examples menu is disabled.

- Only after having pressed the STOP button, you may
      restart it or choose another example script.

* * * * * * * *
   In some rare situations there may occur interferences/conflicts
   between events concerning the demo script and those concerning the
   demo-viewer. (They run in the same process.) Strange behaviour may be
   the consequence and in the worst case you must close and restart the
   viewer.
   * * * * * * * *

(2) How to add your own demos to the demo repository

- Place the file in the same directory as turtledemo/__main__.py
     IMPORTANT! When imported, the demo should not modify the system
     by calling functions in other modules, such as sys, tkinter, or
     turtle. Global variables should be initialized in main().

- The code must contain a main() function which will
     be executed by the viewer (see provided example scripts).
     It may return a string which will be displayed in the Label below
     the source code window (when execution has finished.)

- In order to run mydemo.py by itself, such as during development,
     add the following at the end of the file:

if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
        mainloop()  # keep window open

python -m turtledemo.mydemo  # will then run it

- If the demo is EVENT DRIVEN, main must return the string
     "EVENTLOOP". This informs the demo viewer that the script is
     still running and must be stopped by the user!

If an "EVENTLOOP" demo runs by itself, as with clock, which uses
     ontimer, or minimal_hanoi, which loops by recursion, then the
     code should catch the turtle.Terminator exception that will be
     raised when the user presses the STOP button.  (Paint is not such
     a demo; it only acts in response to mouse clicks and movements.)
"""
import sys
import os

from tkinter import *
from idlelib.colorizer import ColorDelegator, color_config
from idlelib.percolator import Percolator
from idlelib.textview import view_text
import turtle
from turtledemo import __doc__ as about_turtledemo

if sys.platform == 'win32':
    from idlelib.util import fix_win_hidpi
    fix_win_hidpi()

demo_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
darwin = sys.platform == 'darwin'
STARTUP = 1
READY = 2
RUNNING = 3
DONE = 4
EVENTDRIVEN = 5

menufont = ("Arial", 12, NORMAL)
btnfont = ("Arial", 12, 'bold')
txtfont = ['Lucida Console', 10, 'normal']

MINIMUM_FONT_SIZE = 6
MAXIMUM_FONT_SIZE = 100
font_sizes = [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30]

def getExampleEntries():
    return [entry[:-3] for entry in os.listdir(demo_dir) if
            entry.endswith(".py") and entry[0] != '_']

help_entries = (  # (help_label,  help_doc)
    ('Turtledemo help', __doc__),
    ('About turtledemo', about_turtledemo),
    ('About turtle module', turtle.__doc__),
    )

class DemoWindow(object):

def __init__(self, filename=None):
        self.root = root = turtle._root = Tk()
        root.title('Python turtle-graphics examples')
        root.wm_protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._destroy)

if darwin:
            import subprocess
            # Make sure we are the currently activated OS X application
            # so that our menu bar appears.
            subprocess.run(
                    [
                        'osascript',
                        '-e', 'tell application "System Events"',
                        '-e', 'set frontmost of the first process whose '
                              'unix id is {} to true'.format(os.getpid()),
                        '-e', 'end tell',
                    ],
                    stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                    stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,)

root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        root.grid_columnconfigure(1, minsize=90, weight=1)
        root.grid_columnconfigure(2, minsize=90, weight=1)
        root.grid_columnconfigure(3, minsize=90, weight=1)

self.mBar = Menu(root, relief=RAISED, borderwidth=2)
        self.mBar.add_cascade(menu=self.makeLoadDemoMenu(self.mBar),
                              label='Examples', underline=0)
        self.mBar.add_cascade(menu=self.makeFontMenu(self.mBar),
                              label='Fontsize', underline=0)
        self.mBar.add_cascade(menu=self.makeHelpMenu(self.mBar),
                              label='Help', underline=0)
        root['menu'] = self.mBar

pane = PanedWindow(root, orient=HORIZONTAL, sashwidth=5,
                           sashrelief=SOLID, bg='#ddd')
        pane.add(self.makeTextFrame(pane))
        pane.add(self.makeGraphFrame(pane))
        pane.grid(row=0, columnspan=4, sticky='news')

self.output_lbl = Label(root, height= 1, text=" --- ", bg="#ddf",
                                font=("Arial", 16, 'normal'), borderwidth=2,
                                relief=RIDGE)
        if darwin:  # Leave Mac button colors alone - #44254.
            self.start_btn = Button(root, text=" START ", font=btnfont,
                                    fg='#00cc22', command=self.startDemo)
            self.stop_btn = Button(root, text=" STOP ", font=btnfont,
                                   fg='#00cc22', command=self.stopIt)
            self.clear_btn = Button(root, text=" CLEAR ", font=btnfont,
                                    fg='#00cc22', command = self.clearCanvas)
        else:
            self.start_btn = Button(root, text=" START ", font=btnfont,
                                    fg="white", disabledforeground = "#fed",
                                    command=self.startDemo)
            self.stop_btn = Button(root, text=" STOP ", font=btnfont,
                                   fg="white", disabledforeground = "#fed",
                                   command=self.stopIt)
            self.clear_btn = Button(root, text=" CLEAR ", font=btnfont,
                                    fg="white", disabledforeground="#fed",
                                    command = self.clearCanvas)
        self.output_lbl.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='news', padx=(0,5))
        self.start_btn.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='ew')
        self.stop_btn.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky='ew')
        self.clear_btn.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky='ew')

Percolator(self.text).insertfilter(ColorDelegator())
        self.dirty = False
        self.exitflag = False
        if filename:
            self.loadfile(filename)
        self.configGUI(DISABLED, DISABLED, DISABLED,
                       "Choose example from menu", "black")
        self.state = STARTUP

def onResize(self, event):
        cwidth = self.canvas.winfo_width()
        cheight = self.canvas.winfo_height()
        self.canvas.xview_moveto(0.5*(self.canvwidth-cwidth)/self.canvwidth)
        self.canvas.yview_moveto(0.5*(self.canvheight-cheight)/self.canvheight)

def makeTextFrame(self, root):
        self.text_frame = text_frame = Frame(root)
        self.text = text = Text(text_frame, name='text', padx=5,
                                wrap='none', width=45)
        color_config(text)

self.vbar = vbar = Scrollbar(text_frame, name='vbar')
        vbar['command'] = text.yview
        vbar.pack(side=LEFT, fill=Y)
        self.hbar = hbar = Scrollbar(text_frame, name='hbar', orient=HORIZONTAL)
        hbar['command'] = text.xview
        hbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
        text['yscrollcommand'] = vbar.set
        text['xscrollcommand'] = hbar.set

text['font'] = tuple(txtfont)
        shortcut = 'Command' if darwin else 'Control'
        text.bind_all('<%s-minus>' % shortcut, self.decrease_size)
        text.bind_all('<%s-underscore>' % shortcut, self.decrease_size)
        text.bind_all('<%s-equal>' % shortcut, self.increase_size)
        text.bind_all('<%s-plus>' % shortcut, self.increase_size)
        text.bind('<Control-MouseWheel>', self.update_mousewheel)
        text.bind('<Control-Button-4>', self.increase_size)
        text.bind('<Control-Button-5>', self.decrease_size)

text.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=1)
        return text_frame

def makeGraphFrame(self, root):
        # t._Screen is a singleton class instantiated or retrieved
        # by calling Screen.  Since tdemo canvas needs a different
        # configuration, we manually set class attributes before
        # calling Screen and manually call superclass init after.
        turtle._Screen._root = root

self.canvwidth = 1000
        self.canvheight = 800
        turtle._Screen._canvas = self.canvas = canvas = turtle.ScrolledCanvas(
                root, 800, 600, self.canvwidth, self.canvheight)
        canvas.adjustScrolls()
        canvas._rootwindow.bind('<Configure>', self.onResize)
        canvas._canvas['borderwidth'] = 0

self.screen = screen = turtle.Screen()
        turtle.TurtleScreen.__init__(screen, canvas)
        turtle.RawTurtle.screens = [screen]
        return canvas

def set_txtsize(self, size):
        txtfont[1] = size
        self.text['font'] = tuple(txtfont)
        self.output_lbl['text'] = 'Font size %d' % size

def decrease_size(self, dummy=None):
        self.set_txtsize(max(txtfont[1] - 1, MINIMUM_FONT_SIZE))
        return 'break'

def increase_size(self, dummy=None):
        self.set_txtsize(min(txtfont[1] + 1, MAXIMUM_FONT_SIZE))
        return 'break'

def update_mousewheel(self, event):
        # For wheel up, event.delta = 120 on Windows, -1 on darwin.
        # X-11 sends Control-Button-4 event instead.
        if (event.delta < 0) == (not darwin):
            return self.decrease_size()
        else:
            return self.increase_size()

def configGUI(self, start, stop, clear, txt="", color="blue"):
        if darwin:  # Leave Mac button colors alone - #44254.
            self.start_btn.config(state=start)
            self.stop_btn.config(state=stop)
            self.clear_btn.config(state=clear)
        else:
            self.start_btn.config(state=start,
                                  bg="#d00" if start == NORMAL else "#fca")
            self.stop_btn.config(state=stop,
                                 bg="#d00" if stop == NORMAL else "#fca")
            self.clear_btn.config(state=clear,
                                  bg="#d00" if clear == NORMAL else "#fca")
        self.output_lbl.config(text=txt, fg=color)

def makeLoadDemoMenu(self, master):
        menu = Menu(master)

for entry in getExampleEntries():
            def load(entry=entry):
                self.loadfile(entry)
            menu.add_command(label=entry, underline=0,
                             font=menufont, command=load)
        return menu

def makeFontMenu(self, master):
        menu = Menu(master)
        menu.add_command(label="Decrease (C-'-')", command=self.decrease_size,
                         font=menufont)
        menu.add_command(label="Increase (C-'+')", command=self.increase_size,
                         font=menufont)
        menu.add_separator()

for size in font_sizes:
            def resize(size=size):
                self.set_txtsize(size)
            menu.add_command(label=str(size), underline=0,
                             font=menufont, command=resize)
        return menu

def makeHelpMenu(self, master):
        menu = Menu(master)

for help_label, help_file in help_entries:
            def show(help_label=help_label, help_file=help_file):
                view_text(self.root, help_label, help_file)
            menu.add_command(label=help_label, font=menufont, command=show)
        return menu

def refreshCanvas(self):
        if self.dirty:
            self.screen.clear()
            self.dirty=False

def loadfile(self, filename):
        self.clearCanvas()
        turtle.TurtleScreen._RUNNING = False
        modname = 'turtledemo.' + filename
        __import__(modname)
        self.module = sys.modules[modname]
        with open(self.module.__file__, 'r') as f:
            chars = f.read()
        self.text.delete("1.0", "end")
        self.text.insert("1.0", chars)
        self.root.title(filename + " - a Python turtle graphics example")
        self.configGUI(NORMAL, DISABLED, DISABLED,
                       "Press start button", "red")
        self.state = READY

def startDemo(self):
        self.refreshCanvas()
        self.dirty = True
        turtle.TurtleScreen._RUNNING = True
        self.configGUI(DISABLED, NORMAL, DISABLED,
                       "demo running...", "black")
        self.screen.clear()
        self.screen.mode("standard")
        self.state = RUNNING

try:
            result = self.module.main()
            if result == "EVENTLOOP":
                self.state = EVENTDRIVEN
            else:
                self.state = DONE
        except turtle.Terminator:
            if self.root is None:
                return
            self.state = DONE
            result = "stopped!"
        if self.state == DONE:
            self.configGUI(NORMAL, DISABLED, NORMAL,
                           result)
        elif self.state == EVENTDRIVEN:
            self.exitflag = True
            self.configGUI(DISABLED, NORMAL, DISABLED,
                           "use mouse/keys or STOP", "red")

def clearCanvas(self):
        self.refreshCanvas()
        self.screen._delete("all")
        self.canvas.config(cursor="")
        self.configGUI(NORMAL, DISABLED, DISABLED)

def stopIt(self):
        if self.exitflag:
            self.clearCanvas()
            self.exitflag = False
            self.configGUI(NORMAL, DISABLED, DISABLED,
                           "STOPPED!", "red")
        turtle.TurtleScreen._RUNNING = False

def _destroy(self):
        turtle.TurtleScreen._RUNNING = False
        self.root.destroy()
        self.root = None

def main():
    demo = DemoWindow()
    demo.root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

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